Aims To examine the importance of family management, family structure and father[ndash]adolescent relationships on early adolescent alcohol use.Design Cross-sectional data was collected across 30 randomly selected Australian communities stratified to represent a range of socio-economic and regional variation.Setting Data were collected during school time from adolescents attending a broad range of schools.Participants The sample consisted of a combined 8256 students (aged 10[ndash]14 years).Measurements Students completed a web-based survey as part of the Healthy Neighbourhoods project.Findings Family management[mdash]which included practices such as parental monitoring and family rules about alcohol use[mdash]had the strongest and most consistent relationship with alcohol use in early adolescence.
Aim To investigate the association between alcohol use and adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in subSaharan Africa.Design and setting Cross-sectional survey conducted in eight adult HIV treatment centres from Benin, Côte d’Ivoire and Mali.Participants and measurements During a 4-week period, health workers administered the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test to HAART-treated patients and assessed treatment adherence using the AIDS Clinical Trials Group follow-up questionnaire.Findings A total of 2920 patients were enrolled with a median age of 38 years [interquartile range (IQR) 32[ndash]45 years] and a median duration on HAART of 3 years (IQR 1[ndash]4 years). Overall, 91.8% of patients were identified as adherent to HAART.
Filed in Evidence Base
|
Also tagged africa-adult, aids, alcohol, association, benin, between-alcohol, clinical-trials, highly-active, median-duration, the-association, using-the-aids
|
Aims To identify correlates of active syphilis infection among female sex workers (FSWs) in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez.Design Cross-sectional analyses of baseline interview data.
Filed in Evidence Base
|
Also tagged active-syphilis, antibody-titers, ciudad, ciudad-juarez, findings-median, from-the-united, injected-drugs, possibility, programs-should, reported-having, setting-tijuana, tijuana, united
|
Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Aims To determine the comparative levels of violent offending and victimization among regular methamphetamine and heroin users.Design Cross-sectionalSetting Sydney, Australia.Participants A total of 400 regular methamphetamine (METH) and heroin (HER) users (118 methamphetamine users: METH; 161 regular heroin users: HER; 121 regular users of both: BOTH).Findings Eighty-two per cent reported a life-time history of committing violent crime, 41% in the past 12 months. There were no group differences in life-time violence, but the METH group were significantly more likely than the HER group to have committed violence in the past 12 months (odds ratio 1.94)
Filed in Evidence Base
|
Also tagged among-regular, comparative, heroin-users, increased-risk, meth, past, preceding, setting-sydney, sydney, the-preceding, violent-crime
|
Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Aim To investigate the effects of tobacco, marijuana, alcohol and petrol sniffing on periodontal disease among Australian Aboriginal young adults.Design Cross-sectional nested within a long-standing prospective longitudinal study.Setting Aboriginal communities in Australia’s Northern Territory.
Filed in Evidence Base, tobacco
|
Also tagged aboriginal, australia, australian, birth-cohort, both-substances, groups-warrants, petrol-sniffing, royal, royal-darwin, substance-use, tobacco
|