It seems that women become addicted to cocaine more easily than men and find it harder to give up. New research published in BioMed Central’s open access journal Biology of Sex Differences reinforces this position by showing that the motivation of female rats to work for cocaine is much higher than males…
Filed in Uncategorized, cocaine
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Also tagged biology, central, cocaine, cocaine-more, differences, female-rats, find-it-harder, much-higher, open-access, position, the-motivation, women-become
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Thursday, December 2, 2010
Abstract Aims: Motivation to quit smoking predicts quit attempts, though little is known about the role played by its different aspects. This study assessed the predictive value of desire, duty and intention to quit, three different aspects of motivation. Design: A longitudinal study was conducted involving a nationally representative sample of smokers assessed at baseline and three and six months later.
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged assessment-took, both-follow-ups, combination, predictive, predicts-quit, quit-attempts, quit-smoking, study, study-assessed, subsequent-quit, the-predictive, three-different
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Aims This paper reviews a set of theories of behaviour change that are used outside the field of addiction and considers their relevance for this field.Methods Ten theories are reviewed in terms of (i) the main tenets of each theory, (ii) the implications of the theory for promoting change in addictive behaviours and (iii) studies in the field of addiction that have used the theory. An augmented feedback loop model based on Control Theory is used to organize the theories and to show how different interventions might achieve behaviour change.Results Briefly, each theory provided the following recommendations for intervention: Control Theory: prompt behavioural monitoring, Goal-Setting Theory: set specific and challenging goals, Model of Action Phases: form ‘implementation intentions’, Strength Model of Self-Control: bolster self-control resources, Social Cognition Models (Protection Motivation Theory, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Health Belief Model): modify relevant cognitions, Elaboration Likelihood Model: consider targets’ motivation and ability to process information, Prototype Willingness Model: change perceptions of the prototypical person who engages in behaviour and Social Cognitive Theory: modify self-efficacy.Conclusions There are a range of theories in the field of behaviour change that can be applied usefully to addiction, each one pointing to a different set of modifiable determinants and/or behaviour change techniques
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged change, control-theory, health, health-belief, implications, model, setting-theory, social, theories, theory, used-the-theory
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provide an analysis of intravenous drug users (IDUs) in two Mexico–US border towns, some of whom donated plasma in centers on the US side of the border. Their findings demonstrate that most of the IDUs attempting to donate did so prior to the 1980s.