Abstract Background and aims Cross-study comparisons of effect sizes suggest that varenicline is more effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in aiding smoking cessation, but evidence from direct comparisons is limited. This study compared biochemically verified 52-week sustained abstinence rates in smokers attending the same clinical service according to whether they used varenicline or NRT in their quit attempt.
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged 519-varenicline, aiding-smoking, carbon-monoxide, choice, large-smoking, medication, mental-health, nrt, quit, study, study-compared, their-choice, therapy-options
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Monday, February 25, 2013
Abstract Aims In HIV-infected individuals, heavy drinking compromises survival. In HIV primary care, the efficacy of brief motivational interviewing (MI) to reduce drinking is unknown, alcohol-dependent patients may need greater intervention, and resources are limited.
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged drinking-day, drinks-at-least, efficacy, health, heavy-drinking, interactive, overall-model, reduce-drinking, remained-lower, using-time, voice-response, vs-control
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Abstract Aims To examine whether tamper-resistant formulations (TRFs) of tapentadol hydrochloride ER 50 mg (TAP50) and tapentadol hydrochloride 250 mg (TAP250) could be converted into forms amenable to intranasal (Study 1) or intravenous abuse (Study 2). Design Randomized, repeated-measures study designs were employed
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged descriptive, drug-extracted, examine-whether, forms-amenable, from-the-oxy40, from-the-tap50, less-desirable, snort-the-trf, study, such-as-time, tampered, technology-may
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Abstract Aim To evaluate whether venlafaxine-extended release (VEN-XR) is an effective treatment for cannabis dependence with concurrent depressive disorders. Design This was a randomized, 12 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of outpatients (n = 103) with DSM-IV cannabis dependence and major depressive disorder or dysthymia. Participants received up to 375 mg VEN-XR on a fixed-flexible schedule or placebo.
Thursday, December 20, 2012
Abstract Aims Contingency management (CM) uses tangible incentives to systematically reinforce abstinence and is among the most efficacious psychosocial substance abuse treatments. This study assessed the feasibility and initial efficacy of a portable CM procedure designed to address technical limitations for detecting drinking that have prevented using CM for alcohol problems
Abstract Aim To test the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) to reduce the risk of an alcohol exposed pregnancy (AEP) in a high-risk population. Design Randomised controlled trial.
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged aep, alcohol-exposed, decline, effectiveness, family-planning, include-better, intention, proportion, reduce-the-risk, routine-primary, the-proportion, western, western-cape, women-at-risk
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Tuesday, November 27, 2012
Abstract Aims To test aripiprazole for efficacy in decreasing use in methamphetamine-dependent adults, compared to placebo. Design Participants were randomized to receive 12 weeks of aripiprazole or placebo, with a 3 month follow-up and a platform of weekly 30-minute substance abuse counseling. Setting The trial was conducted from January 2009 to March 2012 at the San Francisco Department of Public Health
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Abstract Aims To evaluate the effectiveness of tailored cessation advice reports, including levels of reading ability, compared to a generic self-help booklet. Design Participants were randomised to receive standard non-tailored information, or to receive standard information plus a cessation advice report and a progress report, both tailored to individual characteristics. Setting 123 general practices located throughout the UK Participants Questionnaires were mailed to 58660 current cigarette smokers aged 18-65, identified from GP records
Filed in Evidence Base
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Also tagged advice-reports, analysis, brief-tailored, effectiveness, intervention, progress-report, proportion, questionnaire, reading-ability, study, wide-population
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Aims To determine whether web-based tailored cessation advice, based on social cognitive theory and the perspectives on change model, was more effective in aiding a quit attempt than broadly similar web-based advice that was not tailored. Design Participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups, to receive either a cessation advice report and progress report that were tailored to individual-level characteristics or a cessation advice report that presented standardised (non-tailored) content.
Filed in Evidence Base, tobacco
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Also tagged advice, advice-reports, based-on-social, broadly-similar, materials, more-effective, perspectives, receive-either, secondary, study, tobacco, years-or-over
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ABSTRACT Aims To assess the effect of a tailored multi-faceted improvement programme on general practitioners’ (GPs’) behaviour towards prevention of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption.